Course Syllabus for Principles of Research
DPLS 720 Summer Term 2001


Theme Statement

Course Overview

Professor: Sandra Wilson, Ph.D.
Office: 254 RC
Office Phone: (509) 323-3517
wilson@gonzaga.edu
Classroom Location:
Room 112 
Rosauer Center for Education
Office Hours:
Are by appointment. please phone 
for a time mutually convenient.
 
Course Objectives & Goals

Learning Activities and Evaluation Criteria

Required texts

Research Proposal Assignment

Schedule

Notes about Grading Marks

Bibliography

Back to Syllabi Link

THIS COURSE IS TAUGHT IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE FAIR PROCESS MANUAL

Course Overview: 
In the context of leadership, the search for truth and meaning can be recognized throughout history. Research provides leaders the opportunity to gain new knowledge which, subsequently, can change how they understand self, how they view the world, and how they lead others. Self-reflection and a form of humble and critical depth in relation to self and others is often the result of openness toward the research process. This class includes a discussion of basic premises regarding how we learn and how this learning process influences and is influenced by research. Different ways of knowing become apparent through analyzing two predominant social science research paradigms: quantitative and qualitative. These two research paradigms provide a framework for reviewing various research methods and related theory development. The primary component of this course is student reflections about concepts presented in class discussions, assignments, and readings, and the "meanings" students assign to these concepts. This course is designed to honor the pursuit of truth.

Course Objectives and Goals:
This course promotes the understanding of:
    how we learn (gain new meanings) from research;

    two predominant social science research paradigms, their underlying assumptions, and how they impact what we learn from research;

    general principles of making quantitative and qualitative observations in research;

    sampling procedures used for quantitative and qualitative research design;

    the purpose and procedures of various research methods: survey, experimental, field, and unobtrusive;

    general methods of analyzing data for quantitative and qualitative research designs; and

    ethical issues associated with quantitative and qualitative research designs.

Texts for the Course:
Babbie, E. R. (eighth edition, 1998). The practice of social research.

Wilson, S. M. (1992). The basics of descriptive statistics.

Learning Activities and Evaluation:
Grades will be based on:
10% In class participation
30% Worksheets
35% Research proposal
25% Critical analyses of articles

Grades are assigned as follows:

A

95-100%

A-

90-94%

B+ 

85-89%

B

80-84%

B-

75-79%

C+

70-74

C
Not Acceptable at Ph.D. Level

Assignments to be handed in at the end of the course:

    6 worksheets

    3 critical analyses of articles

    1 research proposal


Research Proposal Assignment:
Select a topic that is of interest to you, identify a problem that pertains to this topic, and propose how you would structure a study to investigate this problem. The paper is to be from 10 to 15 pages in length, double spaced. The A.P.A. style of writing is to be used (a manual can be purchased in the book store). The paper is to consist of three parts. The content to be included in each part is outlined below.

Part I. Introduction

A. An introduction to the problem (background information about the the problem area and its social significance) You will need to use references for this section.

B. A summary statement of the problem--what is the problem and why does it need to be studied? (what needs to be known about the topic to be studied, based on what is already known ). You will need to use references for this section.

C. Purpose of the study (state in one paragraph, the goal, or purpose of the study). The purpose should extend, logically, from problem.

D. Research questions to be answered by the study

E. Variables to be observed in each research question and a brief definition of all variables (you may need to use references to define certain variables).

Part II. Literature Review

Present a general outline of areas that would need to be addressed in a literature review for this study. 

Include an annotated bibliography for five articles pertaining to your topic. At least two of these five articles should be research. For the research articles include a description of: the purpose of the study, the sample, data collection methods, data analysis methods, and conclusions drawn.

Part III. Research Design

A. The type of research design to be used and why (experimental, survey, field, unobtrusive, etc.).

B. Paradigm assumptions supporting this study (cite where you found these).

C. Description of design elements:

Quantitative Design
Population and sample 
(size and method of sampling)
Treatment (if experimental)
Instrumentation (describe format of instrument)
How instrument will be administered (when, by whom)

Qualitative Design
Site selection (rationale)
Sampling (rationale)
Methods of observation
(what, when, how--be specific)
whom, under what conditions-be specific)

D. Limitations of the research design
E. Ethical issues surrounding the study

Schedule of Class Topics and Reading Assignments:
 
Session Topic Reading Completed

June 25

a. Introduction to course Babbie, pp xix-38 
b. Purpose of research 
c. Overview of research process 
d. The roles of theory in research 
e. Selecting a research topic 
f. Literature review (theory analysis) 
g. Research, learning, & truth
Babbie, preface and Ch 1 

July 2

a. Research, learning, & truth (cont.) 
b. Objectivity vs subjectivity 
c. Errors in human inquiry 
d. Ways of knowing (quantitative 
and qualitative research paradigms)
e. Elements of research design 
f. Library: basics of searching
Babbie Chs 2-4 

Handouts # 1 & 2 

 

July 6 (Friday)

a. Elements of research design (cont.) 
b. Quantitative observation 
(measuring variables) 
c. Sampling methods
Babbie Chs 5-8 

Stat Bk (pp. 1-18) 

 

July 9

a. Sampling methods (cont.] 
b. Survey research methods 
Babbie Ch 10 

Stat Bk (pp. 19-35) 

 

July 16

a. Experimental research methods 
b. Qualitative research methods
Babbie Ch. 9 and 11
Handouts # 3 and # 4 

 

July 23

 a. Qualitative research methods (cont.)
b. Unobtrusive research methods
c. Ethical considerations
Babbie  Chs 12 and 18

July 30

 a. Present research papers 
d. Course wrap-up

Schedule for when each assignment is due:
 
 
Session Date Assignment Due
1 June 26
Have research topic selected
2 July 3 Worksheet #1 (topic description)
3 July 7 Worksheet # 2 (instrument design)
4 July 10 Worksheet #3 (survey research)
Critical Analysis: Survey Article
5 July 17 Worksheet #4 (experiemental research)
Critical Analysis: Experimental Article
6 July 24 Worksheet #5 (qualitative research)
Critical Analysis: Qualitative Article
7 July 31 Worksheet #6 (unobtrusive research)
Research paper
Final packet of 6 worksheets, 3 critical analyses of articles, and 1 research paper
Please Note:

1. Worksheets and critical analyses of research articles will be graded and returned during class. If an "OK" is written at the top of the cover page, the work has been completed to doctoral standards. If no "OK is found at the top of the cover page, either written or verbal comments will be given so that you can complete the work satisfactorily (after revising, hand it in again to receive either the "OK" or suggestions for further revisions).

2. At the end of the semester all six worksheets, three critical analyses of articles and the research proposal will be turned in in a single packet. When possible, each of these will have been handed in for editing and revision at the above proposed class sessions, and will have been returned to you.
 
 

Bibliography for the Research Component of the Doctoral Studies Program in Educational Leadership:
 

Principles of Research

Babble, E. The practice of social research. (seventh edition) Belmont, Cal: Wadsworth Publishing Co. 1995. 

Best, J & J. Kahn. Research in Education. Englewood, NJ: Prentice Hall. 1986. 

Borg, W & M. Gall. Educational research. New York: Longman Co. 1989. 

Campbell, D. & Stanley, J. Experimental and quasi-experimental design for research. Chicago: Rand McNally College Publishing Co. 1963. 

Campbell, J.P., Daft, R.L. & Hulin, C. What to study: Generating and developing research questions. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. 1982. 

Fraenkel, J. & N. Wallen. How to design and evaluate research in education. New York: McGraw Hill, Inc. 1990. 

Gadamer, H. Truth and method. New York: Crossroad Publication Corporation. 1990. 

Glesne, C. & Peshkin, A. Becoming qualitative researchers: An introduction. White Plains, N.Y.: Longman. 1992. 

Gummesson, E. Qualitative methods in management research. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. 1991. 

Henry, G. T. Practical sampling. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. 1990. 

Jevne, R. Qualitative research for the dedicated novice. Presentation at the Psychology of Health, Immunity and Disease Conference, Hitlton-Head, SC. December, 1992. 

Kerlinger, F. Foundations of behavioral research. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston Co. 1986. 

Kimmel, A.J. Ethics and values in applied social research. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. 1988. 

Lawrence, R.J., Mulaik, S.A. & Brett, J.M. Causal analysis: Assumptions, models, and data. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. 1982. 

van Manen, M. Researching lived experience: Human science for an action sensitive pedagogy. New York: State University of New York Press. 1990. 

Marshall, C. & Rossman, G. Designing qualitative research. Beverly Hills, Cal: Sage Publishing Co. 1989. 

Nielsen, J.M. Feminist research methods. San Francisco: Westview Press. 1990. 

Osborne, J. W. Some similarities and differences among phenomenological and other methods of psychological qualitative research. Canadian Psychology, 35 (2), 1993. 

Salkind, N. Exploring research. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co. 1991. 

Seidman, I.E. Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in education and the social sciences. New York: Teachers College Press. 1991. 

Sherman, R. & R. Webb. Qualitative research in education: focus and methods. New York: The Palmer Press. 1990. 

Smith, J. K. Quantitative versus qualitative research: An attempt to clarify the issue. Educational Researcher, March, 1983. 

Smith, N,C & Dainty, P. (Eds.). The management research handbook. New York: Routledge. 1991. 

Strauss, A & J. Corbin. Basics of qualitative research. Beverly Hills, Cal: Sage Publishing Co. 1990. 

Stewart, D.W. & Shamdasani, P.N. Focus groups: Theory and practice. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. 1990. 

VanMaanen, J., Dabbs, J.M. jr., & Faulkner, R.R. Varieties of qualitative research. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. 1982. 

Wallen N & J. Fraenkel. Educational research: a guide to the process. New York: McGraw Hill, Inc., 1991. 

Yin, R.K. Case study research: Design and methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. 1989, 

Research Writing

Becker, H. Writing for social scientists: how to start and finish your thesis, book, or article. Chicago: Chicago Press. 1986. 

Fowler, H & J. Aaron. The little, brown handbook Boston: Scott, Foresman and Company. 1989. 

Gall, M & W. Borg. Educational research, a guide for preparing a thesis or dissertation proposals in education. White Plains, N.Y.: Longman, Inc. 1989. 

Light, R. & D. Pillemer. Summing up the science of reviewing research. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 1984. 

Long, J. et.al. Completing dissertations in the behavioral sciences and education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. 1985. 

Tornquist, E. From proposal to publication: an informal guide to writing about nursing. Menlo Park, Cal: Addison-Wesley 1986. 

Zinsser, W. On writing well: an informal guide to writing nonfiction. New York: Harper & Row, Publishers. 1980. 

Data Analyses

Berenson, M. et. al. Applied statistics, a first course. Englewood Cliffs, N.Jersey: Prentice Hall. 1988. 

Fitz-Gibbon, C. & L. Morris. How to calculate statistics. Beverly Hills, Cal: Sage Publishing Co. 1978. 

Hinkle, et. al. Applied statistics for the behavioral sciences. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. 1988. 

Howell, D. Statistical methods for psychology. Boston: Duxbury Press. 1987. 

Huck, D. et. al. Reading statistics and research. New York: Harper & Row. 1974. 

Lawrence, R.J., Mulaik, S.A. & Brett, J.M. Causal analysis: Assumptions, models, and data. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. 1982. 

Norusis, M. The SPSS guide to data analysis. Chicago: SPSS Inc. 1987. 

Norusis, M. Advanced statistics guide. Chicago: SPSS Inc. 1990. 

Tabachnick, B. & L. Fidell. Using multivariate statistics. New York: Harper & Row Publishers. 1983. 

Wilson, S. The basics of descriptive statistics: A prerequisite for EDLD 722: Quantitative Data Analysis. Faculty of Doctoral Studies in Educational Leadership, Gonzaga, University. 1993. 

Measurement in Research

Anderson, L. Assessing affective characteristics in the schools. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Inc. 1981. 

Alwin, D. (editor). Survey design and analysis, current issues. Beverly Hills, Cal: Sage Publishing Co. 1978. 

Blalock, H. Jr. Conceptualization and measurement in the social sciences. Beverly Hills, Cal: Sage Publishing Co. 1092. 

Ebel, R. Essentials of educational measurement. Englewood, N. Jersey: Prentice Hall. 1972. 

Fowler, F. Jr. Survey research methods. Beverly Hills, Cal: Sage Publishing Co. 1984. 

Hennerson, M. et. al. How to measure attitudes. Beverly Hills, Cal: Sage Publishing Co. 1978. 

Henry, G. T. Practical sampling. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. 1990. 

Kleinmuntz, B. Personality and psychological assessment. New York: St. Martin's Press. 1981. 

Mishler, E. Research interviewing, context and narrative. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 1986. 

Morris, L. & C. Fitz-Gibbon. How to measure achievement. Beverly Hills, Ca. Sage Publishing Co. 1978. 

Nunnaly, J. Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw Hiss. 1967. 

Waltz, C. et. al. Measurement in nursing research. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Co. 1986. 

Webb, E. et. al. Unobtrusive measurement: nonreactive research in the social sciences. Chicago: Rand McNally & Co. 1986.

 
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