Racial and Ethnic Politics
Native Americans:  Winona LaDuke

Bio:

b. 1959, Anishanaabe, White Earth Reservation, N. Minnesota

grew up in LA

Harvard educated

 

MN to help sue government for return of tribal lands; lost but founded White Earth Land Recovery Project to raise money to purchase the land struggle.
 

Vice-presidential Candidate for the Green Party 1996 and 2000 (with Ralph Nader)


1994 – Time magazine named her one of America’s 50 most promising leaders under 40

 

1997 – Ms. Magazine Woman of the Year

Environmental, Native American and women’s activist and author

 


“Who Owns the Land:  Minority Land and Community Security”

Delivered at UW Madison, June 6, 2001

Asserts that concept of land reveals concept of culture, teachings, self perception

Concept of land in Anishanaabeg culture

We belong to the land more than the land belongs to us

The backdrop for our oral history
The source of life

Collective ownership, collective relationship to the land

 


European concepts of land ownership largely shaped by the Catholic Church

 

Papal Bulls issued in the 1400s
Only those is the folds of the Church, in the folds of Christ, had rights to the land

 

Once the Indians had the land, and the white people had the Bibles; now the Indians have the Bibles, and the white people have the land.

 


Church as “handmaiden” and “architect” of colonialism

 

 

Catholicism provided the philosophical underpinnings for exploration, colonialism
 

 

Ideas about property incorporated into English common law, legal systems of land tenure of modern nation-states

 


Vestiges of Church power

 

Vatican has seat at the UN while none of the world’s nation-state less, indigenous peoples do

 

Emblematic of their lack of legal status, that their claims to land are ignored, superceded by more recent claims

 


Land-naming

Amherst, MA
Named for Lord Jeffery Amherst
One of the initial purveyors of smallpox infested blankets to Indians

 

Spirit Lake, ND (renamed “Devil’s Lake” by whites)


Politics as problematic endeavor for Native Americans

Province of land speculators, thieves
 

“Self made man” “industrialist” in US mythology


Frederick Weyerhaeuser, 1890s

In LaDuke’s estimation he’s a recipient of corporate welfare

 

US government pays for RR to go between his mill and the timberlands of MN

 

1920s Indian Claims Commission
set up to compensate Indians for lost land; $800 mln – amount to only around 10 cents per acre

 


LaDuke reading “Buying the Presidential Debates”

Who has bought the presidential debates?
 

 

Who can participate in the presidential debates?
 
 

 

Who makes these rules?
 
 

How does the exclusion of third party candidates affect the quality of American democracy – especially the articulation of “minority” viewpoints?
 
LaDuke’s Acceptance Speech for the Green Party’s Nomination for VP in 2000

 

 

What are LaDuke’s goals as a VP candidate?
 

 


How does the Green Party’s platform differ from those of the two mainstream parties?
 

What elements of the Green Party’s agenda resonate with traditional Native American beliefs?
 

Which resonate with contemporary Native American interests?
 


What are some of the statistics LaDuke presents about poverty, unemployment on her reservation and among Native Americans??
 
 

According to LaDuke, is the Democratic Party “greener” than the Republican Party?
 

What examples of “ungreen” behavior on it’s part does she point to?